Process of and apparatus for evaporating liquids



My 22, 1924. sawsz G. A. KRAUSE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS Filed June 19 1920 E I /hva I v In.

Patented July 22, ieaa ueuran stares earnnrorrioa.

GEORG ALEXANDER KRAUSE, OF MUNICH, BA-VARIA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESN ASSIGNMENTS, T0 AMERICAN LURGI CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A COB.-

PORATIO'N OF NEW YORK.

rnocnss or AND .arrana'rus non EVAPORATING mourns.

Application filed June 19,1999. Serial No. 390,302.

(GRANTED UNDER THETROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921,41 STAT. L, 1313.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnono ALEXAN ER KRAUsE, citizen of Germany, residing at Munich, Bavaria, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process Ofand Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids for which I have filed applications in Iermany, on July 11, 1917;

Austria, July 6, 1918; Switzerland, July 9,-

1918; Holland, July 9, 1918; Sweden, July 11, 1918; Norway, July 11, 1918; Denmark, July 11,1918; Hungary, July 13,1918; Great Britain, September 2, 1919; and France, Jul I 17, 1918) and I do hereby declare the f0 lowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

M invention relates enerally to the evaporation of liquids by su jecting such liquids to atomization and the action of a drying current, and more specifically the invention is concerned with the prevention of the formation of a vacuum at the points where the drying current issues into the treating chamber. One well known method of evaporating liquids consists in feeding such li uids to a centrifugal device revolving at high speed in an evaporating chamber whereby the liquid is atomized and spread in a stratum or mist of suitable shape and direction, such as a horizontal or substantially horizontal stratum, and passing current of drying medium through the mist. g

In the practice of this method it was found that a partial vacuum or regions of reduced pressure frequently formed at or adjacent to the liquid discharging or atomizing points.

The atomized liquid has a. tendency to bedrawn into such regions of partial vacuumand condense on the atomizing. orifices. Moreover, some of the dried substance will be drawn into these regions of reduced pressure, tending to choke the nozzles or form a crust on the centrifugal apparatus. "It will be readily seen therefore that the creation of such partial vacuum results in destroying the desired movement of the atomized fluid thus detrimentally affecting the drying action. The principal object of my inventlon is to rovide an improved method and apparatus y means of which the disturbance in the which is deflected or forced towards the points at which the fluid is atomized.

In accordance with the present embodiment of the invention it is contemplated that the atomized liquid move in the chamber in a horizontal or substantially horizontal stratum. Obviously, however, the shape of the stratum or the direction in which the atomized liquid 'is moved may be varied without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The invention is illustratively eiremplifi'ed in the accompanying drawing in which'Fig. 1- is a somewhat diagrammatic view of the apparatus as at present employed in the practice of the method; 2 is a similar View embodying one form of my invention, and Fig. 3 is a similar view embodying a second form of my invention.

Referring to Fi 1 ofthe drawing, a is the evaporating cham or wherein a centrifugal disc I) is rotated at high speed by any suitable motor 0. The liquid to be evaporated is fed to the disc I) through a vertical feed pipe h. The drying medium,'either hot air or any other suitable gaseous medium, is fed through the pipe 01 and issues into the chamber (1 out of the openings e.

In using an apparatus such as described and illustrated in" Fig. 1, it'was found that by the issuance of the liquid into the chamber a through the openings in disc I), there was a tendency for the formation 0f a partial vacuum adjacent said openings 1n disk 6. whereby the horizontal or substantially horizontal movement of the stratum of mist formed bythe revolving disc b was disturbed.

This disturbance in. direction is due to the fact that, due to the formation of regions of reduced pressure adjacent to the orifices in disc 6, particles of atomized fluid are drawn towards'the orifices of disc I) and obstruct them. Due to this the atomized liquid will no more be spread into the chamber a 1n a substantially horizontal stratum but particles of the fluid will be shot in all direcand downward and some imtions, upward particles Wlll flow 1n the diperfectly dried ing the creation of eddies and cross-currents normally attending the introduction of the air jets and irregularly distributed mist and consequently the desired horizontal or substantially horizontal layer or stratum of atomized liquid is undisturbed as to direction. The essence of my invention consists in so directing the drying medium issuing from the openings 6 that the disturbing tendency above described is neutralized.

lln the form of Fig. 2 I provide adjacent the outlets 'e a number of guides f which direct a part of the heating medium issuing from the outlets e upwardly under the layer of mist formedby the centrifugal disc 6, whereby-part at least of the air is directed towards the atomizing point of the fluid, will balance the pressure at such point and thus insure the formation of a substantially horizontal stratum,

Fig. 3 shows a form of the invention in whichthe lower face of the disc 5 is provided with fan blades or ribs 9, which suck a part of the drying medium upwardly and by hurling the same horizontally or substantially so permit the stratum of atomized fluid to maintain its desired horizontal direction.

ll claim 1. In a method of evaporating liquids including the dischar e of a liquid from a vessel under such con itions as to form a substantially horizontal stratum of mist in a drying medium, the step of minimizing the formation of a zone of reduced pressure adjacent the points of discharge, which consists in directing and maintaining a flow of the said medium into the region in which the zone of reduced pressure wouldnormally be formed.

2. ln a method of evaporating liquids including the discharge of a liquid by centrifugal force from a plurality of orifices of a vessel to form a substantially horizontal stratum of mist and the discharge of a drying medium below the stratum of mist, the step of minlmizing the formation of a zone of reduced pressure adjacent the points of discharge of liquid from the vessel, which neonate consists in directing and maintaining a flow ofthe said drying medium upwardly into the region in which the zone of reduced pressure would normally be formed.

3. lln apparatus for evaporating liquids including a vessel operated on the principle of centrifugal force for discharging a liquid to form a substantially horizontal stratum .mation of a zone of reduced pressure adjacent the discharge orifices, said means being operative to direct and maintain a flow of the drying medium upwardly into the region in which the zone of reduced pressure would normally be formed.

5. In apparatus for evaporating liquils, an atomizer including a vessel having discharge orifices for forming a substantially horizontal stratum of mist, means disposed below the atomizer for supplying a drying medium and means for minimizing the formation of a zone of reduced pressure cent the discharge orifices, said means consisting of means for positively deflecting least a part of the drying medium into the region in which the zone of reduced pressure would normally be formed.

6. lln apparatus for evaporating liquids including a vessel operated on the principle of centrifugal force for discharging a liquid to form a substantially horizontal stratum of mist and means for minimizing a zone of re duced pressure adjacent the points of discharge, said means consisting of fan blades forming part of the vessel and disposed to cause a flow of the surrounding atmosphere into the region in which a zone of reduced pressure would normally be formed.

lln testimony whereof ll hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORG ALEXANDER KRAUSE.

Witnesses:

Penn Dinar, A, an ULEA. 

